![]() īiosurfactants are one of the bioactive chemicals produced by aerobic endospore-forming bacteria. Their roles in remediation, plant-growth promotion, biological control and other applications have been thoroughly presented by Mandic-Mulec and Prosser. Endospore-forming bacteria are of particular interest because of their biotechnological potential such as the production of industrially important enzymes and bioactive chemicals, the biological degradation of pollutants and their use as biopesticides. Spores ensure the survival of bacteria through long periods of harsh conditions. Various endospore-forming bacterial genera/species are presented for the first time as biosurfactant producers.Īerobic endospore-forming bacteria are ubiquitous members of microbial communities in various environments. ![]() The environments studied can harbor endospore-forming bacteria capable of producing biosurfactants with biotechnological applications. The presence of surfactin was demonstrated in one of the most promising strains. The stability of the emulsification values varied when the culture supernatants of representative strains were subjected to high temperatures and to the presence of up to 20% NaCl. Fifty-two strains showed emulsification values of at least 30%, and they were grouped into18 BOX groups. The 110 bacterial strains isolated from these environmental samples were molecularly identified as belonging to the genera Bacillus, Thalassobacillus, Halobacillus, Paenibacillus, Fictibacillus and Paenisporosarcina. ResultsĪ diverse endospore-forming bacterial community was observed in all environments. Mass spectrometry analysis was used to demonstrate the presence of surfactin. Strains presenting emulsification values higher than 30 % were grouped via BOX-PCR, and the culture supernatants of representative strains were subjected to high temperatures and to the presence of up to 20 % NaCl to test their emulsifying activities in these extreme conditions. Bacterial strains were isolated from these environmental samples and further identified using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. In this study, the structure of endospore-forming bacterial communities in sediment/mud samples from Vermelha Lagoon, Massambaba, Dois Rios and Abraão Beaches (saline environments), as well as the Praia Seca salterns (hypersaline environments) was determined via denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. Although the ubiquity of endospore-forming bacteria in saline and hypersaline environments is well known, studies on the diversity of the endospore-forming and biosurfactant-producing bacterial genera/species in these habitats are underrepresented. Endospore-forming bacteria, which survive for long periods in harsh environments, are described as biosurfactant producers. Biosurfactants are surface-active biomolecules with great applicability in the food, pharmaceutical and oil industries.
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